Tsunami
The term of “tsunami” comes from the
Japanese which means harbour ("tsu") and wave ("nami"). A
tsunami is a series of waves generated when water in a lake or a sea is rapidly
displaced on a massive scale.
A tsunami can be generated when the sea
floor abruptly deforms and vertically displaces the overlying water. Such large
vertical movements of the earth's crust can occur at plate boundaries.
Subduction of earthquakes are particularly
effective in generating tsunami, and occur where denser oceanic plates slip
under continental plates.
As the displaced water mass moves under the
influence of gravity to regain its equilibrium, it radiates across the ocean
like ripples on a pond.
Tsunami always bring great damage. Most of
the damage is caused by the huge mass of water behind the initial wave front,
as the height of the sea keeps rising fast and floods powerfully into the
coastal area.
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